ENR 4.2 — Special Navigation Systems
NIL
No special navigation systems (e.g., LORAN-C, OMEGA, or satellite-based augmentation systems such as SBAS/GBAS) are currently operational within the Damascus FIR.
Navigation within the Damascus FIR is based on conventional radio navigation aids (VOR, VOR/DME, DME, NDB) as published in ENR 4.1, and GNSS (GPS) as an approved supplemental means of navigation in accordance with ICAO Annex 10, Volume I.
RNAV and PBN Operations (AIP ENR 4.2)
While no special navigation systems (LORAN-C, OMEGA) are operational, the following Performance-Based Navigation (PBN) capabilities apply within the Damascus FIR:
| Operation | PBN Specification | Status |
|---|---|---|
| En-route (above FL245) | RNAV 5 (B-RNAV) | Required for international flights |
| En-route (below FL245) | RNAV 5 or conventional | Conventional NAVAID-based navigation accepted |
| Terminal (TMA) | RNAV 1 (P-RNAV) | Where published; otherwise conventional |
| Approach | RNP APCH | Not yet implemented; ILS/VOR approach only |
Operators planning RNAV operations must ensure aircraft equipment meets the applicable PBN specification and that GNSS RAIM prediction is available (see ENR 4.3).