General
GNSS-based navigation using GPS is supported for en-route and terminal operations within the Damascus FIR, subject to RNP 1 approval.
Operators intending to use GNSS must comply with the procedures outlined in the Manual PBN for Syria, including:
- Aircraft must have approved GNSS equipment with appropriate RAIM or augmentation availability.
- RNP 1 approval is required for operations on RNAV routes.
- Pilots must monitor GNSS RAIM availability and have conventional navigation aids available as backup.
Satellite Navigation Systems (AIP ENR 4.3)
GNSS navigation within the Damascus FIR is based on the GPS constellation (US NAVSTAR). The following satellite-based systems are applicable:
| System | Type | Status in Damascus FIR |
|---|---|---|
| GPS (NAVSTAR) | Core constellation | Approved for en-route and terminal use |
| GLONASS | Core constellation | Accepted as multi-constellation augmentation |
| SBAS (EGNOS) | Satellite-Based Augmentation | Not operationally available; coverage marginal |
| GBAS | Ground-Based Augmentation | Not implemented at any Syrian aerodrome |
Operators must ensure RAIM availability or equivalent fault detection for all GNSS-based operations. NOTAM will be issued for any predicted GNSS service outages affecting the Damascus FIR.